INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL

• Introduction
  • Preface
  • Check-In
  • Tips for Success
  • Lab Report Format
• Laboratory Safety Rules and Regulations
  • Organic Chemistry Laboratories
  • Safety Rules
  • Emergency Procedures
  • Location of Exit and Safety Equipment
  • Laboratory Housekeeping Regulations
• Record-Keeping and Calculations
  • Forms
  • Miscellaneous Useful Calculations
• Techniques
  • Handling of Liquids, Calibration of Pasteur Pipet
  • Pasteur Filter Pipet
  • Heating Reactions
  • Melting Point

Some Important Functional Groups

Typical IR and ¹H NMR Values

EXPERIMENTS

• Experiment 1 - Thin Layer Chromatography
  • Objective
    
    In this laboratory you will separate spinach pigments using thin layer chromatography (TLC).
  • Introduction
    
    Mixtures of compounds are very common in Organic Chemistry. Most reactions produce more than one product. Naturally occurring materials are only rarely 100% pure. It is therefore desirable to have a simple.....
  • Pre-Lab
    
    Briefly outline the procedure, reagent data, and answer any assigned questions.
  • Procedure
    
    Obtain a TLC plate and a developing chamber. In the developing chamber, place a piece of filter paper to serve as a wick and about 10mL of the TLC developing solvent (7:3 mixture of hexane:acetone). Be sure the depth.....
  • In-Lab
    
    Download and print the following worksheet. You will use this worksheet to record your answers to the In-Lab questions.
• Experiment 2 - Infrared Spectroscopy
  • Objective
    
    To learn various functional groups encountered in Organic Chemistry.....
  • Introduction
    
    During the course of this year we will study several different classes of compounds including alcohols, alkenes, and ketones. Each of these classes is distinguished by the presence of a.....
  • Pre-Lab
    
    Breif outline of procedure and answer any assigned WebAssign questions
  • Procedure
    
    After you have carefully listened to the instructions from your Instructor and have taken notes on how to operate the instrument, you are ready to take your first IR spectrum.....
  • In-Lab
    
    The laboratory work involves identification of an unknown by recording its infrared spectrum, investigating the major absorption bands, and comparing the spectrum with spectra of a group of known compounds.....
• Experiment 3 - Extraction
  • Objective
    
    In this experiment, you will separate the components of a commercial headache powder via an extractive process. This separation will be accomplished by taking advantage of the fact that each component contains.....
  • Introduction
    
    Extraction is a widely used method for the separation of a substance from a mixture. It involves the removal of a component of a mixture by contact with a second phase. Solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extractions are commonl.....
  • Pre-Lab
    
    Brief outline of procedure, Reagent data (Aldrich/MSDS) (structure, formula weight, MP or BP, density (if applicable), Hazards) for salicylamide, caffeine, acetylsalicylic acid, diethyl ether, and ethanol.....
  • Procedure
    
    In a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask, dissolve the contents of one packet of headache powder in 20 mL of diethyl ether. Since the binder, etc. are sometimes inert material, all of the powder may not dissolve, but this is not a problem
  • In-Lab
    
    Download and print the following worksheet. You will use this worksheet to record your answers to the In-Lab questions......
• Experiment 4 - Dehydration of Alcohols-Gas Chromatography
  • Objective
    
    In this lab, one will examine the phosphoric acid catalyzed dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol. Gas chromatography will be used to monitor the outcome of the reaction. From the chromatogram,.....
  • Introduction
    
    Under acid-catalysis an alcohol may be dehydrated to form an alkene. The most common acids employed for the reaction are sulfuric or phosphoric acids. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds via initial protonation of the......
  • Pre-Lab
    
    Brief outline of procedure, Reaction equation, Reagent data (Aldrich/MSDS) (structure, formula weight,.....
  • Procedure
    
    To a clean, dry 5 mL reaction vial containing a magnetic spin vane, add 1.0 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol followed by 2 mL of 85% phosphoric acid (corrosive, wash hands after use). Attach a Hickman......
  • In-Lab
    
    Download and print the following worksheet. You will use this worksheet to record your answers to the In-Lab questions......
• Experiment 5 - S_N2 Reactions of Alkyl Halides
  • Objective
    
    To examine factors affecting the relative rates of the S_N2 reaction of alkyl halides such as: alkyl halide structure, nature of the leaving group, properties of the nucleoophile, steric hindrance
  • Introduction
    
    The alkyl halides play an important role in organic synthesis. They can be easily prepared from alcohols or alkenes, among other starting materials. They in turn can be used in t he synthesis of a large.....
  • Pre-Lab
    
    Obtain reagent data for all starting materials (structure, formula, molecular weight, melting point, boiling point, density and applicable hazards. Organize this information in a table. ....
  • Procedure
    
    The reaction mixtures from this experiment should be collected in the labeled waste container. Do not put them down the drain. Ask your teaching assistant if you have any questions concerning the proper procedures for waste disposal.
  • In-Lab
    
    Download and print the following worksheet. You will use this worksheet to record your answers to the In-Lab questions.....

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