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Hurley - Introduction to Logic 14/e (Homework)

James Finch

Math - College, section 1, Fall 2019

Instructor: Dr. Friendly

Current Score : 62 / 72

Due : Sunday, January 27, 2030 00:00 EST

Last Saved : n/a Saving...  ()

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1/2 2/3 1/1 1/1 1/1 0/1 3/6 1/1 33/33 17/18 –/1 1/1 1/3
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62/72 (86.1%)

  • Instructions

    A Concise Introduction to Logic, published by Cengage Learning, is #1 in its market for good reason. In the fourteenth edition, Patrick Hurley continues the lucid, focused, and accessible presentation of logic, both formal and informal. The WebAssign digital solution provides extensive, carefully sequenced auto-graded exercises that guide students toward greater proficiency with the skills they are learning. The exercises' range and volume allow self-pacing, so students can build skills methodically and work up to more difficult problems. WebAssign also features chapter-level practice tests, hundreds of Watch It videos showing worked-through problems, 50 Master Its providing stepped-out tutorials, hundreds of video tutorials covering difficult topics, and a complete eBook.

    This demo assignment allows many submissions and allows you to try another version of the same question for practice wherever the problem has randomized values.

    The answer key and solutions will display after the first submission for demonstration purposes. Instructors can configure these to display after the due date or after a specified number of submissions.

Assignment Submission

For this assignment, you submit answers by question parts. The number of submissions remaining for each question part only changes if you submit or change the answer.

Assignment Scoring

Your last submission is used for your score.

1. 1/2 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 1.2.III.003. My Notes
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  • This question features the File Upload mode, allowing for a variety of file types to be uploaded by a learner at the question level.

The following statement represents a conclusion for an argument. It is expressed in the form of two alternatives. Select one of the alternatives for the conclusion, and then jot down several reasons that support it.
The death penalty should/should not be abolished.
    
Incorporate your reasons into a written argument of at least 100 words that supports the conclusion. Include premise and conclusion indicators in some of your arguments, but not in all of them. (Submit a file with a maximum size of 1 MB.)

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2. 2/3 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 1.2.VI.002. My Notes
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  • This question features drop-downs to help fill in statements, providing an alternative to manually graded essay prompts.

Fill in the blank with "necessary" or "sufficient" to make the following statement true.
Being an animal is a Incorrect: Your answer is incorrect. seenKey

necessary

 condition for being a tiger.
Express the result in terms of conditional statements.
If something is Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

a tiger

 , then it is Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

an animal

 .


Solution or Explanation
Necessary: If something is a tiger, then it is an animal. Or: If something is not an animal, then it is not a tiger.
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3. 1/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 1.3.III.001. My Notes
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  • Read It links are available as a learning tool under each question so students can quickly jump to the corresponding section of the eTextbook.

Answer "true" or "false" to the following statement.
In an inductive argument, it is intended that the conclusion contain more information than the premises.
     Correct: Your answer is correct.


Solution or Explanation
The statement is true.
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4. 1/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 2.1.IV.005. My Notes
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  • This question features the multiple-select mode.

Consider the following dispute.
Kathy: I was saddened to hear about the death of your uncle. He was such a wonderful man. You must be consoled knowing that he's enjoying his heavenly reward.
Anne: Thanks, but I'm afraid I don't know what you mean. If death is the end of life, how could my uncle be alive right now in heaven?
Determine whether the dispute is verbal, factual, or some combination of the two. If verbal, discuss whether the dispute arises from vagueness or ambiguity. (Select all that apply.)
Correct: Your answer is correct.



Solution or Explanation
The dispute is probably a combination of verbal (ambiguity) and factual. Does "death" mean the point at which the soul takes leave of the body, or the point at which life terminates? Also, Kathy appears to claim that an afterlife exists, whereas Anne appears to deny this.
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5. 1/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 3.2.I.007. My Notes
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  • This question features the multiple-select mode.

Identify the fallacy of relevance committed by the following argument. (If no fallacy is committed, select no fallacy.)
Surely you welcome the opportunity to join our protective organization. Think of all the money you will lose from broken windows, overturned trucks, and damaged merchandise in the event of your not joining.
     Correct: Your answer is correct.


Solution or Explanation
The argument is an appeal to force.
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6. 0/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 4.3.I.006. My Notes
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  • This question allows for images to be chosen in a multiple-choice format.
  • Students get just-in-time learning support with Watch It videos that contain narrated and closed-captioned videos walking students through the proper steps to solve a similar problem.

Draw a Venn diagram for the following proposition.
No tax audits (T ) are pleasant experiences for cheaters (P).

Incorrect: Your answer is incorrect.


Solution or Explanation
A Venn diagram is given with a shaded region. The left hand circle is labeled T and the right hand circle is labeled P. The shaded region is the region of the circles that overlap each other.

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7. 3/6 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 5.3.I.010.MI. My Notes
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  • This is a multi-mode question. This combines several different modes to promote engagement. In this example, the question combines multiple choice, multiple select, and drop-downs.
  • Master It tutorials are an optional student-help tool available within select questions for just-in-time support. Students can use the tutorial to guide them through the problem-solving process step-by-step using different numbers.

Reconstruct the following syllogistic form. (Let S represent the subject of the conclusion, P the predicate of the conclusion, and M the middle term.)
IAO-3
.
.
.
Use the five rules for syllogisms to determine if it is valid from the Boolean standpoint, conditionally valid from the Aristotelian standpoint, or invalid.
    
If it is conditionally valid, select the condition that must be fulfilled. (If it is unconditionally valid, select unconditionally valid. If it is invalid, select invalid.)
    
If it is invalid from either the Boolean or Aristotelian standpoint, select the fallacy or fallacies committed. Check your answer by constructing a Venn diagram. (Select all that apply. If no fallacy is committed, select no fallacy)

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8. 1/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 6.1.I.008. My Notes
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  • Read It links are available as a learning tool under each question so students can quickly jump to the corresponding section of the eTextbook.

Translate the following statement into symbolic form using uppercase letters to represent affirmative English statements.
For example, suppose you are given the statement "if Facebook makes us narcissistic, then either Twitter or LinkedIn relieves our loneliness." This would be translated
F ⊃ (T ∨ L).
Penèlope Cruz wins best actress (P) only if Kenneth Branagh wins best director (K).
     Correct: Your answer is correct.


Solution or Explanation
The symbolic form of the statement is P ⊃ K.
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9. 33/33 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 6.4.II.014. My Notes
Question Part
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1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1
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33/33
 
  • This question uses a table of dropdown fields to help students fill out truth tables.

Determine whether the following symbolized arguments are valid or invalid by constructing a truth table for each.
G ⊃ H
R ≡ G
~H ∨ G
R ≡ H
G H R G ⊃ H / R ≡ G / ~H ∨ G // R ≡ H
T T T Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T
T T F Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F
T F T Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F
T F F Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T
F T T Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T
F T F Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F
F F T Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

F
F F F Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T

 		Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

T
Is the argument valid or invalid?
     Correct: Your answer is correct.


Solution or Explanation
The completed truth table is given below.
G H R G ⊃ H / R ≡ G / ~ H ∨ G // R ≡ H
T T T T T T T T T F T T T T T T
T T F T T T F F T F T T T F F T
T F T T F F T T T T F T T T F F
T F F T F F F F T T F T T F T F
F T T F T T T F F F T F F T T T
F T F F T T F T F F T F F F F T
F F T F T F T F F T F T F T F F
F F F F T F F T F T F T F F T F
The symbolized argument is valid.
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10. 17/18 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 7.1.IV.008. My Notes
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17/18
 
  • This question features our Proofs Tool in the Supporting Materials section. This tool allows a learner to work through any proof in a supportive and scaffolded environment.

Translate the following argument into symbolic form. The letters to be used for the simple statements are given in parentheses.
Either we take recycling seriously (R) or we will be buried in garbage (B). If we incinerate our garbage (I) only if our health is jeopardized (H), then we do not take recycling seriously. If our landfills are becoming exhausted (L), then if we incinerate our garbage, then toxic ash will be produced (T). If toxic ash is produced, then our health is jeopardized. Our landfills are becoming exhausted. Therefore, we will be buried in garbage.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. /
Use the first four rules of inference to derive the conclusion.
Step Argument Justification
6. ,
7. ,
8. ,
9. ,

Supporting Materials

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11. –/1 points HLogic14 7.5.I.002. My Notes
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Use conditional proof and the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusion of the following symbolized argument. Having done so, attempt to derive the conclusion without using conditional proof. (Complete the proof in the logic tool. See the Getting Started text for further instructions. Select the Submit button to grade your response.)
Step Argument Justification
1. F ⊃ E
2. (F ⦁ E) ⊃ R      / F ⊃ R

Supporting Materials

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12. 1/1 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 10.C.I.002. My Notes
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  • Read It links are available as a learning tool under each question so students can quickly jump to the corresponding section of the eTextbook.

Identify the kind of causality intended by the following statement. Is the cause a sufficient condition, necessary condition, or both sufficient and necessary condition?
Heating an iron rod causes it to expand.
     Correct: Your answer is correct.


Solution or Explanation
The cause is a sufficient and necessary condition. The rod will expand if and only if it is heated.
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13. 1/3 points  |  Previous Answers HLogic14 12.C.II.005. My Notes
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  • This question features randomized values. The values in red will algorithmically change and be different for each student, helping to prevent cheating.

Consider the following scenario.
A small company has five employees who missed work during a certain month. The number of days missed were 1, 1, 3, 5, and 9.
What is the mean number of days missed?
Correct: Your answer is correct. seenKey

3.8
What is the variance and standard deviation of this set of data? (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
variance standard deviation
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