WebAssign is not supported for this browser version. Some features or content might not work. System requirements

WebAssign

Welcome, demo@demo

(sign out)

Tuesday, April 1, 2025 05:52 EDT

Home My Assignments Grades Communication Calendar My eBooks

My Cengage Home Notifications Help My Account

Statistics, section 2, Fall 2019
My Assignments

Peck and Short,Statistics: Learning from Data, 2/e (Homework)

James Finch

Statistics, section 2, Fall 2019

Instructor: Dr. Friendly

Current Score : 26 / 99

Due : Sunday, January 27, 2030 23:30 EST

Last Saved : n/a Saving... ()

Ask Your Teacher Extension Requests Print Assignment

Question

Points

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
3/3	20/20	3/3	0/3	–/20	–/3	–/8	–/5	–/4	–/11	–/6	–/10	–/3

Total

26/99 (26.3%)

Instructions

Statistics: Learning From Data, 2nd edition, by Roxy Peck and Tom Short, published by Cengage Learning, addresses common problems faced by students and instructors with an innovative approach to elementary statistics. The organization by Learning Objective, focus on real-data examples, and adherence to the Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE), help students learn to think like statisticians.

New for Spring 2021! Question 1 is an example of a Concept Video Question (CV). Concept Video questions provide students with a Concept Video along with two to three comprehension questions. Concept Videos are 7-10 minutes in length and are designed to help students with big picture understanding of statistics.

New for Spring 2021! Question 2 is an example of a new Select Your Scenario question type (SYS). Select Your Scenario problems provide students with 3 different contexts to choose from. They select the scenario most relevant to them, and then solve the problem. Regardless of which scenario the student chooses, they will be required to answer questions demonstrating knowledge of a learning objective, making them the perfect questions to assign toward the end of a chapter. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Additional added for Spring 2021! Question 3 contains a Master It tutorial (MI). Master It tutorials show students how to solve a similar problem in multiple steps by providing direction along with derivation, so the student understands the concepts and reasoning behind the problem solving. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 4 includes an example of a table, bar graphs, and the fill-in-the-blank method which is often used for short-answer style questions. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 5 demonstrates how one way stem-and-leaf displays can be graded.

Question 6 utilizes a series of multiple-choice questions to guide students through the interpretation and analysis of a real world figure.

Question 7 demonstrates how one way numerical grading is achieved as well as short-answer fill-in-the-blank grading methods. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 8 demonstrates the grading of a five-number summary problem. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 9 shows how problems involving least-squares regression lines are handled in this textbook. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 10 has examples of scatterplots, the grading of a least-squares regression line, residuals, and residual plots. Students can use SALT to answer this question.

Question 11 demonstrates the grading of a sample space presented as an unordered list.

Question 12 is an example of a problem involving a hypothetical 1,000 table.

Question 13 allows lists of numbers to be graded. This demo assignment allows many submissions and allows you to try another version of the same question for practice wherever the problem has randomized values.

Assignment Submission

For this assignment, you submit answers by question parts. The number of submissions remaining for each question part only changes if you submit or change the answer.

Assignment Scoring

Your last submission is used for your score.

1. 3/3 points | Previous Answers PeckStat2 1.CE.001.CV. My Notes

2. 20/20 points | Previous Answers PeckStat2 3.SYS.001.S. My Notes

Question Part

Points

Submissions Used

1/1

1/100

3/100

1/100

2/100

1/100

Total

20/20

Instructions

Select Your Scenario:

This problem contains data for 3 different scenarios: Travel and Tourism, Business, and Sports.

Read the scenarios, and once finished, you will be asked to select which scenario you would like to be assessed on.

You will not be asked to answer questions for the other 2 scenarios.

Travel and Tourism

When you travel by airplane, have you ever wondered about whether your flight might be delayed from taking off or from landing? This is an important consideration as you will need to arrange transportation to your final destination after you arrive at the airport. To help track airline performance, the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics of the Department of Transportation publishes statistics. For the purposes of this dataset, a flight is considered delayed if it arrived at (or departed from) the gate 15 minutes or more after the scheduled arrival (or departure) time as reflected in the Computerized Reservation System.

We will explore the distribution of monthly percentage of domestic flights delayed in the United States using a sample of data for the years 2010 through 2019 by making a histogram with bins starting at 9% and a bin width of 3%. We will then determine the z-scores for a delayed percentage of (a) 17% and (b) 24%.

The dataset consists of the percentage of flights delayed for each month for years 2010 through 2019 for domestic flights in the United States.

†Airline Performance: Bureau of Transportation Statistics. (2020, September 1). On-Time Performance - Flight Delays at a Glance. United States Department of Transportation. https://www.transtats.bts.gov/HomeDrillChart.asp
Year	Month	Delayed (%)
2010	January	18.58
2010	February	19.66
2010	March	18.3
2010	April	13.83
2010	May	18.55

Business

Undergraduate business students at a public university in the midwestern United States ran a café one semester and collected data each business day to help make sound business decisions and to be more profitable. Among other things, the daily total cash register sales were recorded.

We will explore the distribution of daily total sales for this café using a sample of data from one semester by making a histogram of Sales ($) with bins starting at $60 and a bin width of $25. We will then determine the z-scores for a day when total sales were (a) $210 and (b) $110.

The dataset consists of data recorded across one semester including an index number that puts the observations in chronological order, the day of the week, and the total sales in dollars.

†http://jse.amstat.org/jse_data_archive.htm
Index	Day of Week	Sales($)
1	Tuesday	199.95
2	Wednesday	195.74
3	Thursday	102.68
4	Friday	162.88
5	Monday	101.76

Sports

It goes without saying that professional basketball players are tall. Height obviously matters when it comes to playing basketball and tall people are more efficient because they can reach the basket easily, allowing for more points per game, as well as more rebounds and blocked shots. If you watch National Basketball Association (NBA) games regularly, you certainly notice that many players are quite tall.

We will explore the distribution of NBA player heights using a sample of players active in the 2019-2020 season by making a histogram of "HEIGHT (INCHES)" with bins stating at 68 inches and a bin width of 2 inches. We will then determine the z-scores for players who are (a) 71 inches (5'11") and (b) 83 inches (6'11").

The dataset consists of the NBA player's name, team, and height, measured in inches, for players active in the 2019-2020 season.

†https://www.nba.com/stats/players/bio/
Player	Team	Height (Inches)
Aaron Gordon	ORL	80
Aaron Holiday	IND	73
Abdel Nader	OKC	77
Adam Mokoka	CHI	77
Admiral Schofield	WAS	77

Click the link below to begin the question by choosing a topic.

Pick your topic.

Choose the topic on which you would like to be assessed. Once you select your scenario, you cannot change your topic.

Travel and Tourism correct

Business Sports

Note: If you select Skip, you will be assessed on the Travel and Tourism topic.

Question

Instructions

Select Your Scenario:

First, select the tab that corresponds to the topic you chose above.

Note: Click the SALT button in the tab corresponding to the topic you chose.

Travel and Tourism

The dataset consists of the percentage of flights delayed for each month for years 2010 through 2019 for domestic flights in the United States.

†Airline Performance: Bureau of Transportation Statistics. (2020, September 1). On-Time Performance - Flight Delays at a Glance. United States Department of Transportation. https://www.transtats.bts.gov/HomeDrillChart.asp
Year	Month	Delayed (%)
2010	January	18.58
2010	February	19.66
2010	March	18.3
2010	April	13.83
2010	May	18.55

Import the dataset into SALT for analyzing.

A button hyperlink to the SALT program that reads: Use SALT.

Business

The dataset consists of data recorded across one semester including an index number that puts the observations in chronological order, the day of the week, and the total sales in dollars.

†http://jse.amstat.org/jse_data_archive.htm
Index	Day of Week	Sales($)
1	Tuesday	199.95
2	Wednesday	195.74
3	Thursday	102.68
4	Friday	162.88
5	Monday	101.76

Import the dataset into SALT for analyzing.

Sports

The dataset consists of the NBA player's name, team, and height, measured in inches, for players active in the 2019-2020 season.

†https://www.nba.com/stats/players/bio/
Player	Team	Height (Inches)
Aaron Gordon	ORL	80
Aaron Holiday	IND	73
Abdel Nader	OKC	77
Adam Mokoka	CHI	77
Admiral Schofield	WAS	77

Import the dataset into SALT for analyzing.

After you have clicked the tab for your selected topic and read the problem, answer the questions below.

(a)

Use SALT to summarize the data and fill in the following table, rounding values to four decimal places as needed.

Variable	N	Mean	Standard Deviation	Median	Minimum Value	Maximum Value
Numerical Variable	47 47	148.2217 148.2217	45.4622 45.4622	150.51 150.51	61.94 61.94	240.87 240.87

(b)

Create a histogram with "Starting Point" and "Bin/Class Width" values asked for.

The distribution for this variable is

mound shaped and is

at least roughly symmetric.

(c)

Determine the relative standing for the two data values of interest using the z-score formula appropriate for samples. Round your answers to two decimal places.

Data value (a).

x − x

1.36

Data value (b).

x − x

-0.84

Data value (a) is 1.36

1.36

standard deviations above

above

the mean whereas data value (b) is 0.84

0.84

standard deviations below

below

the mean. (Remember to take the absolute value of the z-score to determine the number of standard deviations each data value is away from the mean.)

(d)

Most data points are within three standard deviations of the mean. In other words, most observations will have a z-score that is larger than 3 and less than 3.

Find the data value with a z-score of −3, rounded to two decimal places.

x	=	z · s + x

	=	11.84 11.84

Find the data value with a z-score of 3, rounded to two decimal places.

x	=	z · s + x

	=	284.61 284.61

Our sample's minimum value is not

is not

further than 3 standard deviations below the mean. Our sample's maximum is not

is not

further than 3 standard deviations above the mean. Upon further inspection of the histogram in SALT it can be observed that all

all

observations would have a z-score between −3 and 3.

You have now completed the question.

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

3. 3/3 points | Previous Answers PeckStat2 3.E.001.MI.S. My Notes

Suppose the following data are from studying examining the effect of the shape of a glass on the amount of alcohol poured. They represent the actual amount (in milliliters) poured into a short, wide glass for individuals asked to pour 1.5 ounces.

87.1	68.7	42.8	74.2	39.5	46.9	66.2	79.3	66.4
52.2	58.2	63.5	53.8	63.1	46.3	62.9	90.1	57.7

Construct a graphical display of the data distribution. (Round each data value to the nearest integer.)

A dotplot labeled "Amount (in mL)" has a horizontal axis with values from 25 to 95. The dotplot has 18 dots at the following approximate positions.
36 has 1 dot.

39 has 1 dot.

42 has 3 dots.

43 has 1 dot.

48 has 1 dot.

50 has 1 dot.

54 has 4 dots.

59 has 1 dot.

62 has 1 dot.

70 has 1 dot.

75 has 1 dot.

83 has 1 dot.

86 has 1 dot.

A dotplot labeled "Amount (in mL)" has a horizontal axis with values from 25 to 95. The dotplot has 18 dots at the following approximate positions.
40 has 1 dot.

43 has 1 dot.

46 has 3 dots.

47 has 1 dot.

52 has 1 dot.

54 has 1 dot.

58 has 4 dots.

63 has 1 dot.

66 has 1 dot.

74 has 1 dot.

79 has 1 dot.

87 has 1 dot.

90 has 1 dot.

Indicate what summary measures you would use to describe center and variability. (Hint: Consider the shape of the data distribution.)

The distribution is

, so the

should be used to describe the center and variability, respectively.

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

4. 0/3 points | Previous Answers PeckStat2 2.E.016.MI.S. My Notes

A report on Americans' opinions about long-term investments included data from a poll of 1,040 adults. The responses to the question "What do you think is the best long-term investment?" are summarized in the given relative frequency distribution.

Response	Relative Frequency
Real Estate	0.43
Stocks & Mutual Funds	0.24
Gold	0.13
Savings	0.11
Bonds	0.06
Other	0.03

(a)

Use this information to construct a bar chart for the response data.

A bar chart has 6 categories along the horizontal axis. The horizontal axis is labeled "Best Long-Term Investment." The vertical axis is labeled "Relative Frequency" and ranges from 0.00 to 0.43. The bars are centered over their respective category labels, and moving from left to right their heights are as follows.
Real Estate: about 0.03
Stocks & Mutual Funds: about 0.06
Gold: about 0.11
Savings: about 0.13
Bonds: about 0.24
Other: about 0.43

(b)

Comment on how people responded to the question posed.

% of respondents answered that the best long-term investments were real estate and stocks and mutual funds, and the remaining % of respondents believed that gold, savings, bonds, and other were the best long-term investment.

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

5. –/20 points PeckStat2 2.E.026. My Notes

Question Part

Points

Submissions Used

–/1

0/100

Total

–/20

A certain newspaper gave the following data on median age for each of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC) in a particular year.

State	Median Age	State	Median Age	State	Median Age	State	Median Age
Alabama	37.4	Illinois	36.2	Montana	39.2	Rhode Island	39.2
Alaska	32.9	Indiana	36.8	Nebraska	35.9	South Carolina	37.5
Arizona	35.2	Iowa	38.2	Nevada	35.4	South Dakota	36.7
Arkansas	37.0	Kansas	35.8	New Hampshire	40.5	Tennessee	37.6
California	34.9	Kentucky	37.6	New Jersey	38.9	Texas	33.1
Colorado	35.8	Louisiana	35.5	New Mexico	35.7	Utah	28.8
Connecticut	39.6	Maine	42.1	New York	38.1	Vermont	41.2
Delaware	38.5	Maryland	37.6	North Carolina	36.9	Virginia	36.7
DC	35.1	Massachusetts	39.0	North Dakota	36.2	Washington	37.1
Florida	40.0	Michigan	38.5	Ohio	38.6	West Virginia	40.5
Georgia	34.6	Minnesota	37.2	Oklahoma	35.9	Wisconsin	38.2
Hawaii	37.6	Mississippi	35.1	Oregon	38.2	Wyoming	35.8
Idaho	34.1	Missouri	37.6	Pennsylvania	39.9

Construct a stem-and-leaf display using stems

28, 29,

, 42.

(Enter numbers from smallest to largest separated by spaces. Enter NONE for stems with no values.)

stems:	ones
leaves:	tenths
28\|8 =	28.8 years

Stem	Leaves
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42

Comment on shape, center, and variability of the data distribution. Are there any unusual values in the data set that stand out? (Hint: See Example 2.8. Round your center to the nearest integer.)

The distribution of median ages is centered at approximately years, with values ranging from a minimum of years to a maximum of years. The distribution is , with .

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

6. –/3 points PeckStat2 2.E.051. My Notes

7. –/8 points PeckStat2 3.E.014.S. My Notes

Consider the following data on the estimated cost (in millions of dollars) resulting from traffic congestion for different urban areas. The following are the data for the 13 largest U.S. urban areas.

Urban Area	Total Cost (millions of dollars)
New York	15
Los Angeles	13
Chicago	7
Washington, D.C.	5
Houston	5
Dallas, Fort Worth	4
Detroit	4
Miami	4
Phoenix	4
Philadelphia	4
San Francisco	3
Boston	3
Atlanta	3

(a)

Calculate the mean and standard deviation for this data set (in millions of dollars). (Round your answers to four decimal places.)

mean $ million standard deviation $ million

(b)

Delete the observations for New York and Los Angeles and recalculate the mean and standard deviation (in millions of dollars). (Round your answers to four decimal places.)

mean $ million standard deviation $ million

Compare this mean and standard deviation to the values calculated in part (a).

When New York and Los Angeles were excluded from the data set, the mean and the standard deviation .

What does this suggest about using the mean and standard deviation as measures of center and variability for a data set with outliers?

This suggests that using the mean and standard deviation as measures of center and variability for data sets with outliers present , because outliers a significant impact on those measures.

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

8. –/5 points PeckStat2 3.E.036.S. My Notes

Suppose that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reported the following sulphur dioxide emissions (in tons) for the 48 states in the continental United States for a particular year.

State	SO₂ Emissions	State	SO₂ Emissions	State	SO₂ Emissions	State	SO₂ Emissions
AL	106,175	IN	268,237	NC	48,174	RI	36
AR	73,598	KS	30,041	ND	55,223	SC	26,799
AZ	23,709	KY	188,135	NE	65,844	SD	15,362
CA	247	LA	80,153	NH	3,187	TN	56,425
CO	38,307	MA	10,861	NJ	2,452	TX	365,527
CT	1,127	MD	25,137	NM	17,755	UT	21,164
DE	2,260	ME	893	NV	7,447	VA	38,798
FL	89,085	MI	194,410	NY	17,817	VT	22
GA	80,969	MN	24,386	OH	282,006	WA	2,879
IA	76,864	MO	141,450	OK	74,445	WI	62,454
ID	27	MS	77,506	OR	14,024	WV	86,221
IL	135,886	MT	16,236	PA	252,098	WY	40,691

Use these data to calculate the values (in tons) in the five-number summary. (Hint: See Example 3.13.)

smallest observation tons lower quartile tons median tons upper quartile tons largest observation tons

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

9. –/4 points PeckStat2 4.E.032.S. My Notes

A report on airline quality included the accompanying data on the on-time arrival percentage and the number of complaints files per 100,000 passengers for U.S. airlines.

Airline	On-Time Arrival Percentage	Complaints per 100,000 Passengers
Alaska	86	0.40
American	80	2.10
Delta	86	0.74
Envoy Air	74	1.61
Express Jet	78	1.03
Frontier	73	3.89
Hawaiian	88	0.87
JetBlue	76	1.19
SkyWest	80	0.86
Southwest	80	0.55
Spirit	67	Not reported
United	78	2.69
Virgin America	79	Not reported

The report did not include data on the number of complaints for two of the airlines. Use the given data from the other airlines to fit the least squares regression line. (Round your answers to four decimal places.)

ŷ = +

Use the least squares regression line to predict the number of complaints per 100,000 passengers for Spirit and for Virgin America. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

Spirit complaints per 100,000 Virgin America complaints per 100,000

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

10. –/11 points PeckStat2 4.E.042.MI.S. My Notes

Two hundred and eighty boys completed a test that measures the distance that the boy can walk on a flat, hard surface in 6 minutes. For each age group shown in the table, the median distance walked by the boys in that age group is given.

Age Group	Representative Age (Midpoint of Age Group)	Median Six-Minute Walk Distance (meters)
3–5	4.0	543.3
6–8	7.0	583.0
9–11	10.0	666.3
12–15	13.5	701.1
16–18	17.0	728.6

(a)

With x = representative age and y = median distance walked in 6 minutes, construct a scatterplot.

A scatterplot has 5 points.

The horizontal axis is labeled "x" and ranges from 500 to 750.

The vertical axis is labeled "y" and ranges from 0 to 20.

The points are plotted from left to right in a downward, diagonal direction starting from the upper left corner of the diagram.

The points have little scatter and are between the approximate horizontal axis values of 540 and 730 and between the approximate vertical axis values of 4 and 17.

A scatterplot has 5 points.

The horizontal axis is labeled "x" and ranges from 0 to 20.

The vertical axis is labeled "y" and ranges from 500 to 750.

The points are plotted from left to right in an upward, diagonal direction starting from the lower left corner of the diagram.

The points have little scatter and are between the approximate horizontal axis values of 4 and 17 and between the approximate vertical axis values of 540 and 730.

Does the pattern in the scatterplot look linear?

The scatterplot shows a linear pattern. The scatterplot shows no pattern at all. The scatterplot shows a curved pattern.

(b)

Find the equation of the least-squares regression line. (Round your values to three decimal places.)

ŷ = +

(c)

Calculate the five residuals. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)

Representative Age (x)	Residual
4.0
7.0
10.0
13.5
17.0

Construct a residual plot.

A residual plot has 5 points.

The horizontal axis is labeled "x" and ranges from 0 to 18.

The vertical axis is labeled "Residual" and ranges from approximately −36 to 36.

There is a horizontal line that spans the graph at 0 on the vertical axis.

There are 3 points above the line and 2 points below the line.

Moving from left to right, the points begin in the upper left corner, move down and to the right crossing the horizontal line, then up and to the right crossing the horizontal line again, then down and to the right ending above the horizontal line.

The points vary between approximately −28 and 16 on the vertical axis. The maximum residual is at x = 4 while the minimum is at x = 10.

Are there any unusual features in the plot? (Hint: See Examples 4.6 and 4.7.)

The residual plot reflects the sharp decrease in the median distance walked between the representative ages of 10 and 13.5. There are no unusual features in the plot. The residual plot reflects the sharp decrease in the median distance walked between the representative ages of 7 and 10. The residual plot reflects the sharp increase in the median distance walked between the representative ages of 10 and 13.5. The residual plot reflects the sharp increase in the median distance walked between the representative ages of 7 and 10.

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

11. –/6 points PeckStat2 5.E.014. My Notes

A college job placement center has requests from five students for employment interviews. Three of these students are math majors, and the other two students are statistics majors. Unfortunately, the interviewer has time to talk to only two of the students. These two will be randomly selected from among the five.

(a)

What is the sample space for the chance experiment of selecting two students at random? (Hint: You can think of the students as being labeled A, B, C, D, and E. One possible selection of two students is A and B. There are nine other possible selections to consider.) (Enter your answers in the form AB. Enter your answers as a comma-separated list.)

(b)

Are the outcomes in the sample space equally likely?

Yes No

(c)

What is the probability that both selected students are statistics majors?

(d)

What is the probability that both students are math majors?

(e)

What is the probability that at least one of the students selected is a statistics major?

(f)

What is the probability that the selected students have different majors?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

12. –/10 points PeckStat2 5.E.034.MI. My Notes

An appliance manufacturer offers extended warranties on its washers and dryers. Based on past sales, the manufacturer reports that of customers buying both a washer and a dryer, 32% purchase the extended warranty for the washer, 47% purchase the extended warranty for the dryer, and 59% purchase at least one of the two extended warranties.

(a)

Use the given probability information to set up a hypothetical 1,000 table. (Let W be the event that the customer purchases an extended warranty for the washer. Let D be the event the customer purchases an extended warranty for the dryer.)

	D	Not D	Total
W
Not W
Total			1,000

(b)

Use the table from part (a) to find the following probabilities.

(i)

the probability that a randomly selected customer who buys a washer and a dryer purchases an extended warranty for both the washer and the dryer

(ii)

the probability that a randomly selected customer purchases an extended warranty for neither the washer nor the dryer

Need Help?

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

13. –/3 points PeckStat2 6.E.009. My Notes

Two six-sided dice, one red and one white, will be rolled. List the possible values for each of the following random variables. (Enter your answers as comma-separated lists.)

(a)

x = sum of the two numbers showing

(b)

y = difference between the number on the red die and the number on the white die (red − white)

(c)

w = largest number showing

Viewing Saved Work Revert to Last Response

Home My Assignments Extension Request