Consider the two situations shown below, in which there is no acceleration. In both cases, all individuals pull with a force of magnitude
F.

Is the reading on the scale in part (i) of the figure greater than, less than, or equal to the reading in part (ii)?
Explain.
Key:
The scale is in equilibrium in both situations, so it experiences a net force of zero. Because each person pulls with a force F and there is no acceleration, each person is in equilibrium. Therefore, the tension in the ropes must be equal to F. In case (i), the person on the right pulls with force F on a spring mounted rigidly to a brick wall. The resulting tension F in the rope causes the scale to read a force F. In case (ii), the person on the left can be modeled as simply holding the rope tightly while the person on the right pulls. Thus, the person on the left is doing the same thing that the wall does in case (i). The resulting scale reading is the same whether there is a wall or a person holding the left side of the scale.